As a rich in coal, oil, gas, coal provides more than 70% of the amount of energy required. With the rapid growth of production and consumption, the environmental pollution caused by the coal industry has been criticized by the public.
“ the use of any kind of energy will bring different degrees of environmental pollution. For example, nuclear pollution is small, but nuclear waste disposal is a very difficult problem. &rdquo, Professor of the school of environmental and chemical engineering, Nanchang University, Liu Zhen stressed on Treasure Island, said: “ objective to treat each energy in the use of the environment caused by pollution. ”
Pollution is arch-criminal coal enterprises to develop clean coal technology is the fundamental of pollution control
“ mainly coal mining enterprises environmental protection work is not in place, only to the community caused such serious pollution. ” Liu Zhen is amazing.
According to Liu Zhen introduced, along with the coal mining scale more and more big, accordingly also brings many ecological problems, such as farmland, resulting in a large number of buildings were destroyed, gangue piled up, the decrease of river runoff and groundwater supply water dry etc.;
In the process of coal combustion and pollutant emissions than coal mining, coal combustion process in addition to generate a lot of smoke, but also the formation of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, organic compounds and dust and other harmful substances. Among them, the most destructive force of sulfur dioxide, it will not only pollute the atmosphere, but also harm the growth of animals and plants and human health, even when the corrosion of metal equipment; high sulfur coal for metallurgical coking, will reduce the quality of coke and steel.
Yin Ruidong said that 85% of China's coal is the use of direct combustion, including thermal power, industrial boilers, civil heating and household stoves, etc.. High consumption and low efficiency of coal, is arch-criminal caused by coal-burning air pollution.
“ individual enterprises to carry out the phenomenon of waste pollution is also more serious. ” “ Yin Ruidong said that the recent Shanxi Yangcheng international power company 10 coal-fired power generation enterprises unauthorized outage desulphurization facilities generating pollutants directly discharged into the air, this kind of behavior of environmental damage is immeasurable. ”
“ coal produced in the production process of pollution is mainly concentrated in the mining area, in the process of consumption of pollution will affect the large area with the flow of the atmosphere. ” Liu Zhen said, “ to solve the pollution caused by the use of coal is a priority. ”
A number of coal industry insiders said to treasure island, improve coal “ wash white ” technology, which is the so-called clean coal technology is to solve the fundamental problem of coal.
Clean coal technology is the technology of converting coal into clean and efficient energy. The development and application of this technology will significantly reduce the environmental pollution caused by coal and improve the efficiency of coal utilization.
“ to minimize the pollution caused by direct combustion of coal has become the top priority. ” Liu Zhen said, “ this requires in front of combustion, combustion and combustion three aspects at the same time work hard. ”
The first to purify processing prior to combustion of coal, the main part is to reduce pollution by washing. Coal washing and screening, using coal, coal preparation and physical chemical methods to remove or reduce bacterial desulfurization, ash, gangue, sulfur and other impurities. Coal ash, inorganic sulfur removal from coal by 50% - 80% 60%~80%. Burning coal washing can effectively reduce soot, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides emissions;
The technology of combustion is mainly fluidized bed combustion technology and advanced burner technology. Fluidized bed combustion can reduce nitrogen oxide emissions, while advanced burner technology can improve the boiler, furnace structure and combustion technology to reduce emissions of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides.
The purification technology of combustion, mainly nitrogen removal and desulfurization of smoke and dust. Smoke and dust removal technology in the highest efficiency of the electrostatic precipitator, dust removal efficiency can reach more than 99%. There are two kinds of dry and wet desulfurization, desulfurization efficiency of up to about 90%.
“ simple, clean coal combustion and desulfurization and denitration equipment installation is the most direct way to reduce coal pollution produced in the process of consumption. ” Liu Zhen concluded.
“ improve the conversion efficiency of coal use, can also indirectly reduce pollution. ” Yin Ruidong said, “ there are two ways to improve conversion. First, for the traditional coal conversion rate, through the 2× 100 MW ultra supercritical units can be converted from 35-40% to 60-70%. Second, the coal chemical technology, coal into gas or olefins. ”
For coal mining in the process of pollution, Liu Zhen believes that the fully closed operating environment, can solve the impact of coal mining on atmospheric pollution. The water resources protection and mine water pollution can be controlled by the water conservation technology, such as the transfer of water resources, the water resources and so on.
Yin Ruidong said, “ how to make coal mining sustainable development, it will take the mining technology of reasonable and effective measures of prevention and treatment, the development and utilization of mineral resources and the coordinated development of the ecological environment of the green mining road, ‘ low mining, high use, low waste ’ set the goal of sustainable development of intensive management in the industry, the construction of green coal industry system. ”
“ in a short period of time, it is impossible to replace the main position of an energy source. ” Shanxi large private coal enterprises responsible person Yin Ruidong said, “ solve the production and consumption process of pollution, coal is ‘ green energy &rsquo. ”
The main body of clean coal utilization is the responsibility of the government
Liu Zhen think, “ todayAfter the development of clean coal technology will focus on three areas. The first is that the coal processing technology, mainly including coal, coal, coal and coal water slurry technology; second, coal chemical technology; third, pollutant emission control and waste disposal technology. ”
Liu Zhen introduced to the coal washing technology, fine magnetite cyclone, oil agglomeration and electrostatic coal and other technology has good prospects for development; industrial briquette, briquette technology has further improved the space. The technology of coal chemical industry is relatively mature, especially the direct coal liquefaction technology, and the emission control of pollutants, domestic technology still has room for further improvement, while foreign technology is relatively perfect.
Du Shaozhong, chairman of the Beijing environment exchange, said to treasure island, clean use of coal is a complex and lasting project, should be guided by the government, while strengthening the main role of enterprises in energy conservation and emission reduction. The government needs to increase capital investment, so that low carbon, clean use of the real implementation of the various aspects of the development of the coal industry. Therefore, continuously improve the level of clean utilization of coal in order to break the burning “ coal ” urgent.
“ coal pollution problem is not the problem of coal itself, in fact, the problem of economic and policy adjustment. ” Yin Ruidong explains, “ technically, new technologies, new processes and new equipment that can reduce pollution, but are not economical to use today. If the government will improve the environmental price subsidies, environmental protection equipment requirements increase, so the coal pollution problems will be smoothly done or easily solved. ”
Liu Zhen added that the government should do a good job of pollution prevention and control standard, speeding up the revision of the coal industry emission standards, norms, such as mining heat metering standards, improve the coal industry pollution control technology policy and cleaner production evaluation index system, and the establishment of environmental public interest litigation system, to promote the region with the actual introduction of air pollution control laws and regulations of the the development of clean coal technology, given new goals and requirements.