[introduction] design change, a design manager or project manager to hear whether to frown words, how to manage and use, has become an important part of the project management. Whether it is in the simple design project, PC project, or the EPC project, should be given the appropriate attention. This paper will analyze the reasons of the two types of design changes, and discuss the ways to avoid the design changes and the methods to deal with the design changes.
Design changes mainly occurred in the stage of design and construction. The main causes of design changes can be divided into the following categories:
1, lack of experience in the early stage of design, the budget is not considered, the actual design process to produce a large change in the design of the major changes;
2, due to the professional design of the finished product itself is not considered a week or the lack of school audit, the relationship between the professional conditions of poor coordination or loss caused by the design changes;
3, due to the design schedule is not reasonable, the design cycle and the procurement cycle overlap, some equipment manufacturers information submitted to the design document does not result in a change in the design of the reasons for the change;
4, the owners of the design intent and opinions failed to communicate in time to the design team, resulting in the late stage of the design changes caused by non design;
5, the construction stage in the design of the site found missing or purchase errors caused by design changes.
The overall change caused by the above reasons can be classified into two categories, namely, design reasons and non design changes, both in the treatment and prevention of a larger difference, should be treated differently. The following two changes will be made separately from the two major processes of prevention and treatment to do a detailed.
Cause and prevention of change of design
For design change, first of all to see the root causes, mainly in the design of the basic quality and design team coordination and integration.
The basic quality of the design staff, including the design level of the designers themselves, and the design staff's work attitude, are reflected in the design of the level of the finished product itself. Whether as a design manager or project manager in the control of this point, it is required to rely on the design of the Department's own workflow and the deployment of staff to solve.
As the project manager or design manager, first of all to the design team responsible for the design, as the core backbone of the team, the professional person in charge shall be confirmed by the design manager or project manager and approved, in order to ensure the overall quality of the design team, at the same time as the design department, should be based on professional work system documents, effective the implementation of their respective work procedures, ensure strict school trial implementation of the system has better control quality of design products to various professional design team as the, then put an end to change the design of a direct result of this part of the.
In PC project, the management of this part is mainly in the design unit. The experience of PC contractor, is available through the 3D model to review the work of the design units, and usually more in-depth design units, make friends with the designers know more about their work and actively communicate, if necessary to achieve the control of the owner to the purpose.
In terms of the actual occurrence of the change of design reasons, the proportion of this part is smaller, and it is easier to guarantee the quality system from the design system. And another part, that is, the design team, professional coordination and other factors caused by factors such as changes in the design should be more attention.
For example, for example, the framework of civil engineering design documents presented, it must be countersigned by piping, equipment, instrumentation, electrical and other related professionals, eventually all professional is the basis of the signed file, so the problems encountered when it is easy to distinguish the responsibility and solve.
Due to the diversity of industry projects, the current professional division of labor and professional collaboration within the design team can not completely cover all of the professional relationship. At the same time, due to the limitations of the professional person in charge and the ability to handle the coordination, the lack of professional and time lag and time lag will often become the main cause of the change of design reasons. This point, design managers have no doubt duties and obligations, should be taken seriously. Whether as a design team to confirm the relationship between the conditions of the design progress of the coordination, or the professional division of labor coordination, etc., are required to design the design manager in the early to make a complete design planning. For the foreseeable division of labor and division of responsibilities, can be submitted to the design department and the first level design management department to coordinate and clear, and specific arrangements to bear the design of the professional person in charge of the work itself. At the same time improve the overall design plan, the rationality of the design schedule and the timely adjustment of procurement, construction schedule, and clear professional relationship between conditions, signed between strict professional conditions and final sign system, and regularly require professional person in charge of the internal organization of professional conditions and finished inventory work.
The design scheme can not meet the design requirements and external factors, the same manager or project manager to complete the design of department, project and company level special review plan early in the project, effectively and give full play to the design team and a higher level of team wisdom, try to avoid the change of design and the design of the route from the source. Due to the emergence of such problems often lead to disruptive results, it should be more attention to the project team in the early design, the case should be brought to the company level to be considered and resolved.
From this we can see that the design process of the strict implementation of the design process, the quality of the implementation of the program will be an important guarantee to eliminate design changes. Whether design managers or project managers should emphasize the importance of this part within the project team, and through cooperation with the design department and the relevant departments of the company, the implementation of the specific professional person in charge and its subordinate team. Stages of the design conditions, the design of finished products to be inspected and rectification, which is to eliminate the main means of design changes